MAX30102 Heart Rate & SpO₂ Sensor Module

The MAX30102 is an integrated optical sensor designed for photoplethysmography (PPG) applications such as pulse and heart-rate monitoring and estimation of blood oxygen saturation. It combines red and infrared LEDs, a photodetector and signal-processing circuitry in a compact package.

During operation, the LEDs illuminate tissue such as a fingertip, while the photodetector measures changes in the reflected light caused by blood-volume changes. These measurements can be processed by a microcontroller to derive pulse rate and estimate SpO₂.

The MAX30102 communicates digitally through an I2C interface and is commonly used with Arduino, ESP32 and other embedded platforms. It is well suited to wearable electronics, fitness projects, biometric experiments, educational development and health-monitoring prototypes.

Readings from this type of sensor are affected by placement, movement, skin contact and signal quality. The module is intended for development and educational applications and should not be used as a certified medical diagnostic device.